It is a type of organizational structure, strictly hierarchically organized, characterized the division of areas of responsibility and undivided authority.

Advantages of linear organizational structures:

• clear system of interconnections;

• quickness of reaction in reply to direct orders;

• co-ordination of actions of performers;

• an operationability is in making decision;

• clear expressed personal responsibility of leader for the accepted decisions.

It is accepted a basic problem, incident to this type of structure, to count limitations, set the range of control, which is determined high-quality and quantitative descriptions of connections, directly «locked» on a leader.

From point of high-quality descriptions the question is about and directions of informative streams between and inferiors, which can be not only or bilateral (parameter of direction) but also , informative and problem (parameter of maintenance).

Quantitative descriptions of connections in a greater degree, what high-quality, added measuring.

Depending on correlation of amount of hierarchical levels to the incurrence of workers linear organizational structures can be «flat» or «high».

However, in preference to to one or another type of structure, it is necessary to come from the followings parameters of the designed organization:

1) control sphere after activity of inferiors, which it is assumed to lay on a leader (wide, all types of activity of inferiors, or narrow, on directions activity);

2) level of intercommunication between subdivisions (high intensity of co-operation and exchange by information or low);

3) degree of vagueness of tasks, decided a structure (low, when decisions are known ways of achievement of aims of , or high);

4) level of complication of tasks, standings before organization. Answers for these questions can serve as foundation for the type of linear organizational structure.

Functional organizational structure

The structure of this type is built on principle of distributing of functions into organization and more frequent than all exists simultaneously with linear, that creates a double submission for performers, because functional subdivisions take title to make orders within the framework of the jurisdiction to lower-level subdivisions of other directions.

Functional organizational structures have advantages:

1) more deep working of decisions on functional directions;

2) high competence of specialists, responsible for implementation of functions;

3) freeing of linear managers from part of tasks, by functional leaders.

One of andromedas of functional structure is a structure. It can be built on a few grounds:

• (principle «one product is one structure»);

• regional or geographical (principle «one is one structure»);

• (segment of user market, principle «one group of users is one structure»).