By virtue of a number of circumstances the structure of organization (or organizational structure) can and must be examined as a reflection of relation of organization to the personnel. Preeminently the structure of organization determines the degree of included of people in the matters of enterprise, types and principles of forming of workinggroups and administrative commands, features of construction of networks of communication, and in an eventual kind, that metaphor which organization is built in accordance with.

Types of

As a structure — it foremost the aggregate of associate links, formative the system, then possible connections between the links of the system allow to distinguish the followings types:

1) linear — links are constrained with each other consistently;

2) functional;

3) ring — links are constrained with each other also consistently, but a «output» of the last link simultaneously is the «entrance» of the first;

4) «wheel» — unlike a ring in a center (in place of «axis») there is a link, related to all other;

5) star — unlike a structure «wheel» peripheral connections («rim») absent, and links are constrained between itself only through a center (central link);

6) unlike a circular structure every link is related to all other;

7) cellular — every link is related either to four other (or with three) and has one external «output» («entrance») or with two and has two external «output» («entrance»);

8) hierarchical — characterized the presence of management hierarchy;

9) mixed — the transferred types of structures are possible in different subsystems.

The experimental study of these types of rotined their different efficiency. So, sufficiently and expressly put tasks, and also conservative , assuming possibility of error, star and hierarchical structures more correspond, as provide the rapid receipt of decisions. A structure in sense of faultlessness and rightness of decision more befits for intricate problems with incomplete information, although the process of decision occupies more than time. A linear structure gives quite good results at the decision of simple tasks with a small volume of information. Ring — preferably wherein creative going near a decision, it is instrumental in satisfaction of participants the activity. The least influence on the result of decision renders participants in a and cellular structure, and most — in star and hierarchical.

From point of «topography» organizational space can be up-diffused: 1) geographically (workshops, departments), 2) functionally (mason, ration), 3) status (workers, office workers, leaders) and hierarchically (chief of department, director of factory).

The basic types of organizational structures we considered higher, at short notice will discuss most effective from them.